DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AN ESP32-BASED IOT HALF-BRIDGE BLDC CONTROLLER FOR WIRELESS SPEED CONTROL AND MONITORING

Abstract

Brushless DC (BLDC) motors are attractive for compact and maintenance-sensitive drive applications. Still, practical controllers must simultaneously address commutation, speed regulation, switching losses, hardware complexity, and the need for remote supervision. Existing implementations frequently treat motor control and IoT monitoring as separate functions, while the supplied prototype combines both functions on an ESP32-based embedded platform. This study presents a redesigned and experimentally oriented architecture for an IoT-enabled half-bridge BLDC controller in which the ESP32 generates PWM commands, executes the commutation logic, acquires operating feedback, and exchanges data with a wireless monitoring interface. The principal research gap addressed is the limited integration of low-cost embedded commutation, motor-state monitoring, and bidirectional wireless control within a compact prototype. The supplied manuscript reports stable BLDC operation over 800–1500 rpm and demonstrates remote observation of speed, voltage, and current; however, numerical values for efficiency, switching loss, response time, current, voltage, and repeated-test uncertainty were not supplied and therefore are not included in this revision. The revised paper defines the equations, test protocol, comparison criteria, and data tables required to quantify these metrics. The contribution is a practical control-and-monitoring architecture that reduces implementation complexity while extending BLDC operation from local control to connected supervision. The approach is relevant to laboratory automation, compact industrial drives, smart appliances, and other applications in which motor operation must be controlled and observed remotely.