: In developing technologies, Bragg fibre & Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) is crucial for optical communication and sensing applications. This article focuses on the operation of fibre bragg grating sensors, various fabrication methods, numerous fibre bragg grating types, and current real-time applications, including undersea acoustics, the oil and gas industry, and structural health monitoring systems for aeroplanes. Many optical technologies, including optical fibre communication and sensing applications, are focusing more and more on one of the crucial optical components, such as Bragg Fiber. A FBG, which is included into a short fibre segment and functions as a type of distributed Bragg reflector, reflects specific light's wavelengths while transmitting all others. This is achieved by regularly changing the refractive index of the fibre core, which produces a mirror with a certain wavelength. The area of fibre optic communication witnessed revolutionary advancements due to the implementation of the fibre Bragg grating as the dispersion correction element.