Numerous natural and anthropogenic activities that release hazardous chemicals into the environment have the potential to harm both plants and people.The gradual alteration in the composition of the atmosphere over the past century is caused by increased fossil fuel combustion and industrialization. Heavy metals, respirable particulate matter (PM2.5 & PM10), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), nitrogen oxides (NOx), ozone (O3), sulphur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3), and other air pollutants all have different chemical compositions, reaction characteristics, emission times, and propensities to diffuse over long or short distances thus effect environment in different proportion. Air pollution also have have adverse effect on the health of living beings. Pollution has disastrous effects on the plants, animals and Human beings. Air pollution damage to plants has been analyzed since 125 years. Injuries to plants can be confused with disease symptoms from fungi, nematodes, termites, bacteria, nutritional deficiencies and toxicities, genetic disorders, temperature, water and salinity. The chapter focused on measuring and monitoring APTI and API in roadside and urban plants. These tools analyse plant pollution tolerance towards air pollution. The plant species which shows higher tolerance towardsair pollution, can be employed as a pollutant sink to control air pollution. High APTI and API plants are used to promote green belts and manage air pollution in cities and developed areas. Many plant species are tolerant of air pollution, making them excellent for industrial areas and roadsides.
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