Background: Multimodal anesthesia has become a vital approach to enhance surgical outcomes through the integration of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions targeting various pain mechanisms. Conventional opioid-based pain relief comes with considerable side effects, prompting the need for safer and more efficient pain management strategies. Aim: This review seeks to synthesize the latest developments in multimodal anesthesia and assess its impact on improving perioperative outcomes across a range of surgical procedures. Methods: A systematic search was undertaken for a narrative review following PRISMA guidelines. Papers published between 2015 and March 2026 were sourced from key databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. A total of 642 records were found, with 48 studies meeting the inclusion criteria following screening and full-text review. Qualitative and thematic synthesis were used for the analysis. Results: Multimodal anesthesia resulted in improved perioperative outcomes over traditional opioid-based anesthesia. Pain scores were consistently lower, and the use of opioids was reduced by around 20-50%. Adjunctive medications (ketamine, dexmedetomidine) and regional anesthesia techniques aided in improving pain control and reducing side effects such as postoperative nausea and vomiting and respiratory depression. Combining these techniques with Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) practice resulted in better outcomes, faster recovery, and higher patient satisfaction. Conclusion: Multimodal anesthesia is a game-changer in surgical practice, providing a safe, effective, and patient-friendly approach to anesthesia. While effective, differences in protocols and a lack of data on long-term outcomes underline the need for uniform guidelines and more multicentric studies.