The Azolla-Anabaena symbiosis, known for its rapid nitrogen fixation and high productivity, has gained significant attention for its potential applications across agriculture, animal feed, wastewater treatment, and biofuel production. Despite numerous studies, the field lacks sufficient synthesis and coordination. This review consolidates past and recent findings on Azolla, emphasizing its advantages, challenges, and diverse uses. By highlighting key research insights, this work aims to strengthen future collaborative efforts and unlock the full potential of Azolla as a sustainable bioresource.