The worldwide freshwater disaster, pushed through growing pollution and high energy expenses for conventional water remedy, demands progressive answers. This evaluate specializes in superior water filtration techniques powered via solar energy, highlighting current breakthroughs in membrane generation, along with the usage of plasmonic nanoparticles to enhance membrane performance and decrease fouling. It additionally covers the promising utility of microwave discharge plasma in liquid (MDPL) for efficiently eliminating persistent pollutants like perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). Additionally, the assessment discusses the potential of natural fibers, considerable in Asian nations, for water filtration due to their renewability and biodegradability. Finally, it examines reversible-deactivation radical polymerizations (RDRPs), particularly atom switch radical polymerization (ATRP), and their alignment with green chemistry ideas, showcasing their position in developing sustainable filtration materials. This synthesis of present day improvements provides a complete assessment of the way solar electricity and revolutionary substances can cope with worldwide water demanding situations.